Mass and Volume

Objects and materials have MASS and VOLUME.

MASS is how heavy something is.

VOLUME is the space that something occupies.

Mixtures: homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures

In a HETEROGENEOUS mixture we put two or more substances together but we can see them separately.

In a HOMOGENEOUS mixture we put two or more substances together but we cannot see each of them separately.

Properties and states of the matter

Materials have different properties; they can be:

- Hard or Soft

- Transparent or Opaque

- Rigid or flexible

- Waterproof or absorbent

- Elastic

- Magnetic...

We can change materials by HEATING, COOLING and BENDING them.

Matter and Materials

Parts of a Flower

Evergreen and Deciduous trees

EVERGREEN trees don´t lose their leaves in autumn, they have their leaves green all year round.

DECIDUOUS trees lose their leaves once a year, normally in autumn.

Plants

Plants are Living Things.

Plants need water, sunlight, air and soil to live.

Plants have different parts.

The ROOTS take in water from the soil.

The STEM holds the plant up.

The LEAVES take in sunlight and air.

The FLOWERS are colourful and produce seeds.

There are three types of plants: GRASS, BUSH and TREE.

Animals: Invertebrates

Invertebrates don´t have a backbone.

Molluscs, arthropods, worms, sponges, echinoderms, jellyfish and corals are invertebrates.

Let´s focus on Arthropods...

Arthropods have three body parts: Head, Thorax and Abdomen.

Spiders and insects are arthropods.

Animals: Vertebrates

Vertebrates have a backbone.

Mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish are vertebrates.

Our Nervous System

The Brain and the Nerves are part of our Nervous System.

Our Senses

We have five senses: Sight, Hearing, Smell, Taste and Touch.

The Senses tell us about the world around us.

Our bones and muscles

BONES are hard and rigid.

MUSCLES contract and relax.

Both, BONES and MUSCLES, help us move and they are part of our locomotor system.

To start... Parts of the Body and Joints

Reproduction: Reproductive System

Our Reproductive System allows us to have babies.

Nutrition: Excretory System

Our Excretory System has different parts:

1. KIDNEYS

2. URETERS

3. BLADDER

4. URETHRA

Our Excretory System helps us eliminate waste products. This is part of nutrition.

Nutrition: Our Circulatory System

Our bodies need oxygen to work.

Our Circulatory System has different parts:

1. HEART

2. BLOOD VESSELS

Our Circulatory System moves oxygen through our body. This is part of nutrition.

Nutrition: Respiratory System

Our bodies need oxygen to work.

Our Respiratory System has different parts:

1. NOSE 

2. WINDPIPE

3. LUNGS

Our Respiratory System moves oxygen through our body. This is part of nutrition.

Nutrition: Our Digestive System and Healthy food

Our Digestive System has different parts

1. MOUTH

2. ESOPHAGUS

3. STOMACH

4. INTESTINE (Small and Large intestine)

Every day different food moves through our digestive system. This is part of nutrition.

Plants

What do plants need to live?

Parts of a plant

Types of plants

Animals

We can classify animals into two main groups:

VERTEBRATES (have spine)

INVRTEBRATES (don´t have spine)

Let´s focus on VERTEBRATES. 

There are five main groups of Vertebrates:

MAMMALS

BIRDS

REPTILES

AMPHIBIANS

FISH

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