Landforms of the Earth

Cardinal Points

The cardinal points are: North, South, East and West.

The Sun rises in the East and sets in the West.

When the Sun is high in the sky, it´s midday.

The Earth is a sphere that rotates on its axis.

The Equator divides the Earth into the

Southern Hemisphere and the Northern Hemisphere.

Our World: Map and Globe

Globes, maps, world maps and plans are different ways of representing our world.

Flat world map 

Globe

Plan

Layers of the Earth

Earth´s Movements: Rotation and Revolution

ROTATION is the movement of the Earth on its own axis. 

To make a complete turn takes 24 hours that is exactly 1 day. 

This movement causes Day and Night

REVOLUTION is the movement of the Earth around the Sun. 

To make a complete revolution around the Sun takes 365 days that is exactly 1 year. 

This movement causes the Seasons.

The Four Seasons

Our Solar System

Means of Transport

Game 1     Game 2     Game 3

Playing "Memory" 

Places in the city

Game 1      Game 2     Game 3     Game 4     Game 5

My family

My School

My classroom is a place in my school...

Lots of people work in my school...

I learn lots of things at school!!

Game 1   Game 2

I do lots of things at school!...

Unit 4: Spain

Spain is in the south of Europe and it is part of the Iberian Peninsula.
It also has two archipelagos: the Canary Islands and the Balearic Islands.

Spain has borders with:
- France and Andorra in the north
- Portugal in the west

There are also seas and an ocean around Spain´s coast:
- in the north the Cantabrian Sea
- in the west and south west the Atlantic Ocean
- in the south and east the Mediterranean Sea

Spain is divided into autonomous communities. There are 17 autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities: Ceuta and Melilla.
Each autonomous community has:
- a capital
- a flag
- a coat of arms
- an anthem

SPAIN´S RELIEF

Spain has different mountain ranges and a big plateau (an area of high flat land) in the centre called Meseta

SPAIN´S RIVERS

Spain´s most important rivers are: the Miño, the Duero, the Ebro, the Tajo, the Guadiana, the Guadalquivir, the Júcar and the Segura.

MIÑO

The source of the Miño is in Sierra de Meira and it flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

The Sil is its main tributary.

DUERO

The source of the Duero is in Picos de Urbión and it flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

The Pisuerga and the Esla are its main tributaries.

EBRO

The source of the Ebro is in Fontibre spring, in Cantabria, and it flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

The Jalón is its main tributary.

TAJO

The source of the Tajo is in Sierra de Albarracín and it flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

The Jarama is its main tributary.

GUADIANA

The source of the Guadiana is in Lagunas de Ruidera and it flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

The Zácara is its main tributary.

GUADALQUIVIR

The source of the Guadalquivir is in Sierra de Cazorla and it flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

The Genil and the Gadajoz are its main tributaries.

The source of a river is the place where it begins.

The mouth of a river is the place where it ends and flows into the sea, ocean, lake or another river.

Tributaries are smaller rivers that flow into another rivers.

Social - Unit 3: Europe

Europe is the second smallest continent in the world and it is in the Northern Hemisphere.
- to the north of Europe there is the Arctic Ocean
- to the south there is the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea
- to the west there is the Atlantic Ocean
- and to the east there is Asia

On relief maps of Europe we can see:

1. MOUNTAIN RANGES
    Europe´s most important mountain ranges are:

    - The Ural Mountains
      They are in Russia and they form a natural border between Europe and Asia.
      The Ural Mountains are Europe´s longest mountain range.
   - The Alps
     They are the highest mountain range in Europe.
     The Alps are in seven different European countries, such as France, Italy, Switzerland and                    Austria.
     The highest mountain in the Alps is Mont Blanc.
   - The Scandinavian Mountains
     They are on a peninsula in the north of Europe and form a natural border between Norway and            Sweden.
     They´re on of the oldest mountain ranges in the world.


2. RIVERS
    Europe´s most important rivers are:

   - The Volga
      It is in Russia and it´s the longest river in Europe. It flows into the Caspian Sea.
   - The Danube
      It is the second longest river in Europe and flows into the Black Sea.
   - The Rhine
      It starts in the Alps and it flows into the North Sea.


On political maps of Europe we can see many countries and cities. There are 47 different countries in Europe and each one has its own traditions and, many, their own language.

We are going to study some of them:

Try now some games... Game 1   Game 2   

Social - Unit 2: The Continents

A continent is a big land mass.
There are five continents on Earth: Africa, America, Asia, Europe and Oceania.

Oceans are big masses of water around continents.
There are five oceans: Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Southern Ocean.

• A relief map shows rivers, mountain ranges, islands and archipelagos.

Let´s study two of each one.

RIVERS

1. The Nile - It´s the longest rivers in te world. It´s in Africa. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea. There are lots of crocodiles there.
2. The Amazon - It is not the longest river but it carries more water than the Nile. It´s in America. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

MOUNTAIN RANGES (Definition: A line or a group of mountains)

1. The Himalayas - They´re the highest mountain range in the world. They´re in Asia. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world and it´s in the Himalayas.
2. The Andes - They´re the longest mountain range in the world. They´re in America. Ojos del Salado is the highest volcano in the world and it´s in the Andes.

ISLANDS (Definition: It is land with sea all around it)

1. Greenland - It´s the biggest island in the world. It´s between the Atlantic and the Arctic Oceans. It´s covered in ice.
2. Madagascar - It´s the biggest island in Africa. It´s in the Indian Ocean. Lemurs live there. 

ARCHIPELAGOS (Definition: It´s a group of islands in the same area)

1. Indonesia - It´s the biggest archipelago in the world. It´s in Asia. It´s between the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
2. The Philippines - It´s also in Asia. It´s in the Pacific Ocean. 

• A political map shows countries and their borders and capitals (Definition: The main city of each country).

Let´s study some countries.

INDIA: It´s in Asia and its capital is New Delhi. 

CANADA: It´s in America and its capital is Ottawa.

JAPAN: It´s in Asia and its capital is Tokyo. 

ARGENTINA: It´s in America and its capital is Buenos Aires.

Let´s revise unit 1!

Let´s revise unit 1!

The Earth is our planet and it has two different parts: Blue part is water (Oceans) and green and brown part is land (Continents).

Representations of the Earth show the continents and the oceans. They also show rivers, seas, lakes, mountains, islands... and sometimes countries too. These representations are maps.

A relief map shows mountains ranges, rivers, seas, lakes, islands...

A political map shows countries, capitals and their borders.

Provinces of Spain

Spain has 50 provinces.

What´s the name of your province?

Which autonomous community has the most provinces?

Where is Valladolid?  Where is Almería?  Where is Cáceres?

Try these games... Game 1    Game 2

Our country: Spain

Spain is our country and it is divided into 17 autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities (Ceuta and Melilla)

Now let´s see if you know them... Game1   Game2   Game3

Mobile phones: Try this app "Geoios"

Spanish flag is red and yellow

Spain´s official language is Castellano (Spanish)

Landforms

We are studying different landscapes...

- mountain landscapes
- coastal landscapes
- flat landscapes
- urban landscapes
- rural landscapes

All of them have different landforms.

Let´s learn about landforms!!

         

Layers of atmosphere

The atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the Earth; it protects our planet and we need to take care of it.

Weather vs. Climate

What´s the difference between weather and climate?