Our Christmas Carol

This year the Christmas Carol we are going to sing at school is...

RUDOLPH THE RED-NOSED REINDEER

Here you have the lyrics...

Karaoke version

Natural - Unit 2: Animals

There are many different animals and we can divide them into two groups:
- vertebrates (Definition: Animals with spine. They have skeleton)
- invertebrates (Definition: Animals that don´t have spine neither skeleton)


VERTEBRATES

Animals with spine. They have skeleton inside them. Most of the have head, torso, limbs and tail.
We can classify them into five groups:

• Mammals - They hace hair or fur. They breath with lungs and they usually have four legs. They are viviparous (Definition: They are born from their mother´s womb)
• Amphibians - They have moist skin. When they are young they breath with gills, but later they have lungs. Adult amphibians have four legs. They are oviparous (Definition: They are born from eggs)
• Fish - They live in water. They have scales and use fins to swim. They breath with gills. They are oviparous.
• Birds - They are covered with feathers and they have two wings. They breath with lungs. They have two legs. They are oviparous.
• Reptiles - They have dry, scaly skin. They breath with lungs. They are oviparous.

INVERTEBRATES

Animals without spine. They don´t have skeleton inside them. 

Invertebrate animals protect their bodies in different ways:

- some have a shell, such as snails and oysters.

- some have a exoskeleton: a thick exoskeleton, such as crabs and a thin exoskeleton, such as cockroaches

Let´s study three groups of invertebrates:

• Molluscs - They have a soft, muscular body. Ex.: oysters, mussels, snails, octopuses.
• Arthropods - Their body has three parts : head, thorax and abdomen. Many of them have antennae and some wings too. Arthropods with six legs are insects and with eight legs are spiders.
• Worms - They have a long, soft body. Some worms are parasites (Definition: They live inside or on the skin of another animals and feed on them) Ex.: leeches and flatworms.

Animal Nutrition

Not all animals eat the same food. Depending on what they eat, animals can be:

1. Herbivores - They only eat plants. Ex.: rabbits, pandas.
2. Carnivores - They only eat other animals. Ex.: lynxes and spiders
3. Omnivores - They eat plants and other animals. Ex.: bears and mussels

Animal Reproduction

Not all animals reproduce in the same way.

1. Viviparous - They are born directly from their mother (from their mother´s womb). Ex.: sheep, kangaroos and seals.
2. Oviparous - They are born from eggs. Ex.: birds, crocodiles and frogs.

You can study doing these exercises...

Social - Unit 2: The Continents

A continent is a big land mass.
There are five continents on Earth: Africa, America, Asia, Europe and Oceania.

Oceans are big masses of water around continents.
There are five oceans: Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Southern Ocean.

• A relief map shows rivers, mountain ranges, islands and archipelagos.

Let´s study two of each one.

RIVERS

1. The Nile - It´s the longest rivers in te world. It´s in Africa. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea. There are lots of crocodiles there.
2. The Amazon - It is not the longest river but it carries more water than the Nile. It´s in America. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

MOUNTAIN RANGES (Definition: A line or a group of mountains)

1. The Himalayas - They´re the highest mountain range in the world. They´re in Asia. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world and it´s in the Himalayas.
2. The Andes - They´re the longest mountain range in the world. They´re in America. Ojos del Salado is the highest volcano in the world and it´s in the Andes.

ISLANDS (Definition: It is land with sea all around it)

1. Greenland - It´s the biggest island in the world. It´s between the Atlantic and the Arctic Oceans. It´s covered in ice.
2. Madagascar - It´s the biggest island in Africa. It´s in the Indian Ocean. Lemurs live there. 

ARCHIPELAGOS (Definition: It´s a group of islands in the same area)

1. Indonesia - It´s the biggest archipelago in the world. It´s in Asia. It´s between the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
2. The Philippines - It´s also in Asia. It´s in the Pacific Ocean. 

• A political map shows countries and their borders and capitals (Definition: The main city of each country).

Let´s study some countries.

INDIA: It´s in Asia and its capital is New Delhi. 

CANADA: It´s in America and its capital is Ottawa.

JAPAN: It´s in Asia and its capital is Tokyo. 

ARGENTINA: It´s in America and its capital is Buenos Aires.

Let´s revise unit 1!

Let´s revise unit 1!

The Earth is our planet and it has two different parts: Blue part is water (Oceans) and green and brown part is land (Continents).

Representations of the Earth show the continents and the oceans. They also show rivers, seas, lakes, mountains, islands... and sometimes countries too. These representations are maps.

A relief map shows mountains ranges, rivers, seas, lakes, islands...

A political map shows countries, capitals and their borders.